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Research
Method for operating and arrangement of pneumatic piston
engine
Record Control Number : 29193
Quality Validation Date : 2003-02-14
Update Date : 2003-03-04
Abstract : Estonian inventors have designed a new method and construction for
operating a Pneumatic Piston Engine (PPE) . The new engine has no high
temperatures, no pollution is produced, fuel oil system, turbocharger, no
special lubricant or oil, very little noise, it runs much more effectively, and
it has a greater ability to increase power density. The inventors are looking
for a Technical Centre to design technical documentation and to build an
industrial standard.
The inventors have designed a new method and construction for operating a
Pneumatic Piston Engine where compressed air is delivered to the working chamber
of a cylinder during a minor part of the piston stroke (pulse-like) . Estimated
performance has displayed that the new engine, for obtaining 1kW power, consumes
hydrocarbons or other energy carriers in a driver of an air compressor
(preparing compressed air) in a smaller minimum by a factor of 5-6
(30-35g/kWh) in comparison to ICE.
The pneumatic piston engine includes a cylinder with a piston kinematically
joined via a crank to a crankshaft and a working chamber supplied with a means
for supply of compressed air and a means for air exhaust. Beginning the supply
of compressed air is realised while the piston is in a region within a range
from 40° before the top dead centre to 25° after the top dead centre by an angle
of rotation of the crank of the crankshaft depending on engine speed, and the
end of supply is realised while the piston is in a region within a range from 0°
to 90° after the top dead centre by an angle of rotation of the crank of the
crankshaft. In particular cases when engine speed is 2.12s{-1} , the optimum
mode or operating is achieved provided that the supply of compressed air starts
when the piston is in a position of 2° before the top dead centre and ends when
the piston is in a position of 5° after the top dead centre by an angle of
rotation of the crank of the crankshaft.
The invention provides a decrease of specific fuel consumption by a factor of
approximately 5-6 than with a conventional ICE and a simultaneous increase of
the piston specific power.
Main Advantages:
- For the new engine the possible obtained power density is the same as an ICE
and more.
- The simplicity of a propulsion unit using the new engine iteratively reduces
the cost price of 1kW power.
- The new engine is highly reliable. It is capable of maintaining operation for
quite a period of time, even after full failure of electric equipment, thus
considerably increasing vehicle safety (for example sea ships) .
- A power station or propulsion system with an electric compressor driver is
pollution-free, but even in case of an ICE driver, it is much more
environmentally-friendly technology.
- A Pneumatic Piston Engine improving Power Efficiency by at least 5-6 times in
comparison to an ICE.
Innovative Aspects : The New Engine is applicable in all areas where ICE's are
applied at present, and even more -some types of existing ICE's can be rebuilt
for the new method and to accomplish technical revolution at the earliest
possible period.
Subject Descriptors : Energy conversion, Energy storage, Transport
Subject Index Codes : Energy Storage, Energy Transport, Transport
Subject Class : Energy, Environment, IT, telecommunications, Materials,
industrial manufacturing technologies
Market Applications : Manufacturing technologies, Aerospace, Road, rail
vehicles, Ship, boat building
Stage of Development : Experimental development stage (laboratory prototype)
Remarks : IRC Data: EST 30012003
Property Rights : Patent(s) applied for but not yet granted
Collaboration Sought : Licence agreement, Marketing agreement, Financial
support,
Information exchange/Training, Other
Collaboration Detail : The inventor would be interested in receiving a general
assessment for the principle and its shortcomings. In case of an affirmative
assessment, he is ready to perform joint development and start performing tests.
Contact Details
Contact Name : LUIK, Argo
Contact Organisation : Enterprise Estonia, ESTAG
Address : Narva mnt. 13
City : Tallinn
Region : Põhja-Eesti
Postcode : 10151
Country : ESTONIA
Telephone Number : +372-6279705
Fax Number : +372-6279427
Electronic Mailbox : argo.luik@eas.ee
Short stroke control
Record Control Number : 29184
Quality Validation Date : 2003-02-14
Update Date : 2003-03-03
Abstract : The task of the Short-Stroke-Control (SSC) is to achieve the best
possible width constancy of the steel strip at the strip head end and the strip
tail end. The SSC therefore calculates displacement curves for the hydraulic
position control of the edger rolls near the strip head and tail end. In many
cases, today's SSC's cannot find an optimal edger displacement curves for an
optimal width accuracy at the head and tail end of the strip and commissioning
is very time consuming, because an SSC usually takes a lot of individual
solutions for each mill-type.
Within Neuroll, a robust, adaptable rougher width model and a neural network
based Short-Stroke Controller was developed. The new features of the SSC are:
robust controller commissioning procedure even at strongly disturbed width
measurements, consideration of various rolling-technological constraints in each
individual pass and pass-schedule independence for an optimal width result at a
high variety of roughing mill configurations and pass plans. The SSC-System
including the required commissioning tools was programmed and prepared for
inclusion into a process control system.
It was tested in simulations and was successfully piloted (without on-line
adaptation) by Siemens AG at a European hot wide strip mill.
Subject Descriptors : Neural networks, Process control, Production control,
planning
Subject Index Codes : Information Processing, Information Systems, Industrial
Manufacture
Subject Class : IT, telecommunications, Materials, industrial manufacturing
technologies
Stage of Development : Experimental development stage (laboratory prototype) ,
Prototype/demonstrator available for testing, Results of demonstration trials
available, Guidelines, methodologies, technical drawings, Software code
Remarks : Results TIP
Property Rights : Patent(s) applied for but not yet granted, Patent search
carried out, Secret know-how
Collaboration Sought : Information exchange/Training
Sources of Support : CEC
Programmes : BRITE/EURAM 3
Projects : BRPR960342
Project Title : Application of Neural Network Based Models for Optmization of
the
Rolling Process
Contact Details
Contact Name : MAENTYLAE, Pekka
Department : Raahe Steel Research Centre
Contact Organisation : Rautaruukki Oy
Address : 155 Rautaruukintie
PO Box 93
City : Raahe
Region : MANNER-SUOMI
POHJOIS-SUOMI
Pohjois-Pohjanmaa
Postcode : 92101
Country : FINLAND
Telephone Number : +358-8-28492518
Fax Number : +358-8-28493182
Electronic Mailbox :
pekka.mantyla@rautaruukki.fi
Strip thickness profile and flatness model
Record Control Number : 29183
Quality Validation Date : 2003-02-14
Update Date : 2003-03-03
Abstract : A hybrid model containing two Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and
an elastic roll deflection model for prediction of strip profile and flatness in
the finishing stands of a hot strip mill. The ANNs are fitted to data from more
advanced strip rolling simulation calculations. The models can consider the
influence of strip tension and changes in relative strip profile.
Subject Descriptors : Systems analysis
Subject Index Codes : Information Processing, Information Systems
Subject Class : IT, telecommunications
Stage of Development : Software code
Remarks : Results TIP
Property Rights : Secret know-how
Collaboration Sought : Information exchange/Training
Sources of Support : CEC
Programmes : BRITE/EURAM 3
Projects : BRPR960342
Project Title : Application of Neural Network Based Models for Optmization of
the Rolling Process
Contact Details
Contact Name : MAENTYLAE, Pekka
Department : Raahe Steel Research Centre
Contact Organisation : Rautaruukki Oy
Address : 155 Rautaruukintie
PO Box 93
City : Raahe
Region : MANNER-SUOMI
POHJOIS-SUOMI
Pohjois-Pohjanmaa
Postcode : 92101
Country : FINLAND
Telephone Number : +358-8-28492518
Fax Number : +358-8-28493182
Electronic Mailbox :
pekka.mantyla@rautaruukki.fi
Strip thickness profile and flatness model
Abstract : A hybrid model containing two Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
and an elastic roll deflection model for prediction of strip profile and
flatness in the finishing stands of a hot strip mill. The ANNs are fitted to
data from more advanced strip rolling simulation calculations. The models can
consider the influence of strip tension and changes in relative strip profile.
Subject Descriptors : Systems analysis
Subject Index Codes : Information Processing, Information Systems
Subject Class : IT, telecommunications
Stage of Development : Software code
Remarks : Results TIP
Property Rights : Secret know-how
Collaboration Sought : Information exchange/Training
Sources of Support : CEC
Programmes : BRITE/EURAM 3
Projects : BRPR960342
Project Title : Application of Neural Network Based Models for Optmization of
the Rolling Process
Contact Details
Contact Name : MAENTYLAE, Pekka
Department : Raahe Steel Research Centre
Contact Organisation : Rautaruukki Oy
Address : 155 Rautaruukintie
PO Box 93
City : Raahe
Region : MANNER-SUOMI
POHJOIS-SUOMI
Pohjois-Pohjanmaa
Postcode : 92101
Country : FINLAND
Telephone Number : +358-8-28492518
Fax Number : +358-8-28493182
Electronic Mailbox :
pekka.mantyla@rautaruukki.fi
Short stroke control
Abstract : The task of the Short-Stroke-Control (SSC) is to achieve the best
possible width constancy of the steel strip at the strip head end and the strip
tail end. The SSC therefore calculates displacement curves for the hydraulic
position control of the edger rolls near the strip head and tail end. In many
cases, today's SSC's cannot find an optimal edger displacement curves for an
optimal width accuracy at the head and tail end of the strip and commissioning
is very time consuming, because an SSC usually takes a lot of individual
solutions for each mill-type.
Within Neuroll, a robust, adaptable rougher width model and a neural network
based Short-Stroke Controller was developed. The new features of the SSC are:
robust controller commissioning procedure even at strongly disturbed width
measurements, consideration of various rolling-technological constraints in each
individual pass and pass-schedule independence for an optimal width result at a
high variety of roughing mill configurations and pass plans. The SSC-System
including the required commissioning tools was programmed and prepared for
inclusion into a process control system.
It was tested in simulations and was successfully piloted (without on-line
adaptation) by Siemens AG at a European hot wide strip mill.
Subject Descriptors : Neural networks, Process control, Production control,
planning
Subject Index Codes : Information Processing, Information Systems, Industrial
Manufacture
Subject Class : IT, telecommunications, Materials, industrial manufacturing
technologies
Stage of Development : Experimental development stage (laboratory prototype) ,
Prototype/demonstrator available for testing, Results of demonstration trials
available, Guidelines, methodologies, technical drawings, Software code
Remarks : Results TIP
Property Rights : Patent(s) applied for but not yet granted, Patent search
carried
out, Secret know-how
Collaboration Sought : Information exchange/Training
Sources of Support : CEC
Programmes : BRITE/EURAM 3
Projects : BRPR960342
Project Title : Application of Neural Network Based Models for Optmization of
the Rolling Process
Contact Details
Contact Name : MAENTYLAE, Pekka
Department : Raahe Steel Research Centre
Contact Organisation : Rautaruukki Oy
Address : 155 Rautaruukintie
PO Box 93
City : Raahe
Region : MANNER-SUOMI
POHJOIS-SUOMI
Pohjois-Pohjanmaa
Postcode : 92101
Country : FINLAND
Telephone Number : +358-8-28492518
Fax Number : +358-8-28493182
Electronic Mailbox :
pekka.mantyla@rautaruukki.fi
Width model
Abstract : A steel strip body width model for rolling in a roughing mill was
developed. It is the basis for strip body width process control as well as for
SSC. In order to obtain a general model, data from steel mills with different
roughing train configurations and pass schedules have been used (including
partner Rautaruukkis data) . The main advantage of the model is that it is
robustly adaptable. Model terms were selected from an analysis of a wide range
of experiments. Although partly selected experimentally, each model term is
physically plausible and allows for extrapolation.
The model was implemented at Rautaruukki Raahe rolling mill and is in operation
within the existing roughing mill automation system. Control accuracy was much
less than modelling accuracy. In fact, the model will only reveal its full
qualities when employed in an up-to-date automation system.
Subject Descriptors : Neural networks, Process control, Production control,
planning
Subject Index Codes : Information Processing, Information Systems, Industrial
Manufacture
Subject Class : IT, telecommunications, Materials, industrial manufacturing
technologies
Stage of Development : Experimental development stage (laboratory prototype) ,
Prototype/demonstrator available for testing, Scientific and/or technical
knowledge (basic research) , Guidelines, methodologies, technical drawings
Remarks : Results TIP
Property Rights : Secret know-how
Collaboration Sought : Information exchange/Training
Sources of Support : CEC
Programmes : BRITE/EURAM 3
Projects : BRPR960342
Project Title : Application of Neural Network Based Models for Optmization of
the Rolling Process
Contact Details
Contact Name : MAENTYLAE, Pekka
Department : Raahe Steel Research Centre
Contact Organisation : Rautaruukki Oy
Address : 155 Rautaruukintie
PO Box 93
City : Raahe
Region : MANNER-SUOMI
POHJOIS-SUOMI
Pohjois-Pohjanmaa
Postcode : 92101
Country : FINLAND
Telephone Number : +358-8-28492518
Fax Number : +358-8-28493182
Electronic Mailbox :
pekka.mantyla@rautaruukki.fi
Rolling force model
Abstract : The rolling force calculation is the basis for the control of the
geometric quantities of steel flat products and also affects technological
properties. The accuracy of analytic rolling force models used in process
automation of hot strip mills is limited regarding the effect of the various
alloy components and phase transitions in modern high-performance materials.
Within Neuroll the adaptation and optimisation of the analytic rolling force
model by means of neural networks was developed further. The Neuroll work
demonstrated that accurate modelling of rolling force is possible for an
extremely wide product mix, and for 2-phase rolling.
Applications of 2-phase rolling is required for low carbon qualities and for
special high alloyed stainless steels. Phase transitions show substantially
different characteristics for different steel grades. In recent years, such
rolling has been carried out to a large extend at partner TKS. Rolling models
are currently being extended to those cases. Improving quality and range of
validity of rolling force models in the described way meets the continuously
rising requirements of steel customers concerning geometrical accuracy and
material properties.
Subject Descriptors : Neural networks, Process control, Production control,
planning
Subject Index Codes : Information Processing, Information Systems, Industrial
Manufacture
Subject Class : IT, telecommunications, Materials, industrial manufacturing
technologies
Stage of Development : Experimental development stage (laboratory prototype) ,
Prototype/demonstrator available for testing, Results of demonstration trials
available, Scientific and/or technical knowledge (basic research) , Guidelines,
methodologies, technical drawings, Software code
Remarks : Results TIP
Property Rights : Patent(s) applied for but not yet granted, Secret know-how
Collaboration Sought : Information exchange/Training
Sources of Support : CEC
Programmes : BRITE/EURAM 3
Projects : BRPR960342
Project Title : Application of Neural Network Based Models for Optmization of
the
Rolling Process
Contact Details
Contact Name : MAENTYLAE, Pekka
Department : Raahe Steel Research Centre
Contact Organisation : Rautaruukki Oy
Address : 155 Rautaruukintie
PO Box 93
City : Raahe
Region : MANNER-SUOMI
POHJOIS-SUOMI
Pohjois-Pohjanmaa
Postcode : 92101
Country : FINLAND
Telephone Number : +358-8-28492518
Fax Number : +358-8-28493182
Electronic Mailbox :
pekka.mantyla@rautaruukki.fi
Method for operating and arrangement of pneumatic piston
engine
Abstract : Estonian inventors have designed a new method and construction
for operating a Pneumatic Piston Engine (PPE) . The new engine has no high
temperatures, no pollution is produced, fuel oil system, turbocharger, no
special lubricant or oil, very little noise, it runs much more effectively, and
it has a greater ability to increase power density. The inventors are looking
for a Technical Centre to design technical documentation and to build an
industrial standard.
The inventors have designed a new method and construction for operating a
Pneumatic Piston Engine where compressed air is delivered to the working chamber
of a cylinder during a minor part of the piston stroke (pulse-like) . Estimated
performance has displayed that the new engine, for obtaining 1kW power, consumes
hydrocarbons or other energy carriers in a driver of an air compressor
(preparing compressed air) in a smaller minimum by a factor of 5-6
(30-35g/kWh) in comparison to ICE.
The pneumatic piston engine includes a cylinder with a piston kinematically
joined via a crank to a crankshaft and a working chamber supplied with a means
for supply of compressed air and a means for air exhaust. Beginning the supply
of compressed air is realised while the piston is in a region within a range
from 40° before the top dead centre to 25° after the top dead centre by an angle
of rotation of the crank of the crankshaft depending on engine speed, and the
end of supply is realised while the piston is in a region within a range from 0°
to 90° after the top dead centre by an angle of rotation of the crank of the
crankshaft. In particular cases when engine speed is 2.12s{-1} , the optimum
mode or operating is achieved provided that the supply of compressed air starts
when the piston is in a position of 2° before the top dead centre and ends when
the piston is in a position of 5° after the top dead centre by an angle of
rotation of the crank of the crankshaft.
The invention provides a decrease of specific fuel consumption by a factor of
approximately 5-6 than with a conventional ICE and a simultaneous increase of
the piston specific power.
Main Advantages:
- For the new engine the possible obtained power density is the same as an ICE
and more.
- The simplicity of a propulsion unit using the new engine iteratively reduces
the cost price of 1kW power.
- The new engine is highly reliable. It is capable of maintaining operation for
quite a period of time, even after full failure of electric equipment, thus
considerably increasing vehicle safety (for example sea ships) .
- A power station or propulsion system with an electric compressor driver is
pollution-free, but even in case of an ICE driver, it is much more
environmentally-friendly technology.
- A Pneumatic Piston Engine improving Power Efficiency by at least 5-6 times in
comparison to an ICE.
Innovative Aspects : The New Engine is applicable in all areas where ICE's are
applied at present, and even more -some types of existing ICE's can be rebuilt
for the new method and to accomplish technical revolution at the earliest
possible period.
Subject Descriptors : Energy conversion, Energy storage, Transport
Subject Index Codes : Energy Storage, Energy Transport, Transport
Subject Class : Energy, Environment, IT, telecommunications, Materials,
industrial manufacturing technologies
Market Applications : Manufacturing technologies, Aerospace, Road, rail
vehicles, Ship, boat building
Stage of Development : Experimental development stage (laboratory prototype)
Remarks : IRC Data: EST 30012003
Property Rights : Patent(s) applied for but not yet granted
Collaboration Sought : Licence agreement, Marketing agreement, Financial
support, Information exchange/Training, Other
Collaboration Detail : The inventor would be interested in receiving a general
assessment for the principle and its shortcomings. In case of an affirmative
assessment, he is ready to perform joint development and start performing tests.
Contact Details
Contact Name : LUIK, Argo
Contact Organisation : Enterprise Estonia, ESTAG
Address : Narva mnt. 13
City : Tallinn
Region : Põhja-Eesti
Postcode : 10151
Country : ESTONIA
Telephone Number : +372-6279705
Fax Number : +372-6279427
Electronic Mailbox : argo.luik@eas.ee
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